ethical cyber defense

The 2022 FreeHour ethical hacking case refers to a legal and cybersecurity controversy in Malta involving three University of Malta computer science students – Michael Debono, Giorgio Grigolo, and Luke Bjorn Scerri – and their lecturer, Mark Joseph Vella. The group identified critical security vulnerabilities in FreeHour, Malta’s most popular student timetable management application, and reported them to the company through ethical hacking practices. Instead of receiving recognition or a standard "bug bounty" reward, the students faced criminal charges under Malta’s Computer Misuse Act, sparking national debates about cybersecurity laws, academic freedom, and ethical hacking protections.

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